Vicki S. van Mater

Standard & Poor's Investment Advisory Services LLC (SPIAS) is investment research firm and registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of S&P Global, Inc. (NYSE: SPGI), formerly McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. SPIAS’ advisory services are generally offered to institutions (e.g., broker-dealers, investment advisers, investment companies and other financial institutions). SPIAS does not generally provide its advisory services directly to retail clients, but its services may be used by its clients in advising their own underlying clients, which may include retail clients. SPIAS also provides advisory consulting services to institutional clients and investment managers-of-investment funds, and investment sub-advisory services for registered investment companies, including open-end mutual funds and other institutions. S&P Global's operations consist of three reportable segments: S&P Global Ratings, S&P Global Platts, and S&P Dow Jones Indices. S&P Global Ratings is an independent provider of credit ratings, research and analytics to investors, issuers and market participants. It includes the NRSRO and certain other ratings-related businesses. S&P Global Platts provides essential price data, analytics, and industry insight that enable commodities markets to perform with greater transparency and efficiency. S&P Dow Jones Indices is a global index provider that maintains a wide variety of indices to meet an array of investor needs. In 2016, CFRA acquired S&P Global Market Intelligence’s Equity and Fund Research business (formerly known as S&P Capital IQ and SNL) from S&P Global, Inc.

Hemscott, Inc. is a financial data publisher that provides the business information of financial institutions, public corporations, business websites and financial data redistributors. They provide clients with data quality, timely information and flexible licensing partnerships. The company is part of the Hemscott group of companies which was formed in 2003 from Media General Financial Services. It collects and supplies fundamental data about UK and Irish listed companies and about UK company directors. The company’s data products include annual and quarterly financial information, pricing histories, stock tables, earning estimates, compensation and historical index levels. It is located in Bethesda, MD.

Management CV, Inc. is a research firm located in Bethesda, Maryland, founded in 2007. The firm provides clear, unbiased information about the CEOs and other senior executives that run major public companies. Clients include equity investors and commercial lenders. Their research centers on the executives' prior track records, current performance relative to direct competitors in the industry and diligence on any important issues that might affect executive performance and motivation. They do not select stocks or predict stock market movement. They do analyze relative performance versus industry competitors.