Nelson Pablo Martinez

New York Academy of Sciences is an independent, not-for-profit organization, which engages in the advancement of scientific research, education, and policy. The company was founded in 1817 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Petróleos de Venezuela SA is a gas and oil company. It is engaged in exploring, extracting, transporting, manufacturing, refining, storing, and marketing crude oil and other hydrocarbons. The company was founded in 1975 and is headquartered in Caracas, Venezuela.

CITGO Petroleum Corp. engages in refining, transporting, and marketing of transportation fuels, lubricants, and petrochemicals products. It offers retail gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, lubricants, petrochemicals, and other petroleum-based industrial products. The company was founded by Henry L. Doherty in 1910 and is headquartered in Houston, TX.

PDVSA Argentina SA produces and distributes petroleum products. The company is based in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Argentinean company is ultimately controlled by the Government of Venezuela.

PDVSA Ecuador SA engages in the extraction of crude petroleum oil and is ultimately controlled by the Government of Venezuela. The company is based in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

PDVSA Gas SA engages in gas production and exploration services. The company is based in Caracas, Venezuela. The Venezuelan company is a subsidiary of Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA) and ultimately controlled by the Government of Venezuela.

PDVSA Intevep explores for and extracts natural gas and is ultimately controlled by the Government of Venezuela.