François Laruelle

3S Photonics SA supplies laser chips, discrete modules and optical components for telecommunication networks. It designs, develops, manufactures and sells active components powered by in-house III-V optoelectronic chips as well as passive components using Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG). It also provides foundry services using its related epitaxial and wafer processing. The company was founded by Alexandre Krivine in 1994 and is headquartered in Nozay, France.

Avanex France SA manufactures wafers, lasers, detectors, pump modules, optical interfaces and amplifiers for semiconductor solutions. The company also offers InP and GaAs wafers. It is headquartered in Nozay, France.

Alcatel Alsthom Cie Generale D'Electricite SA is an international group whose core businesses are telecommunications systems & railroad and energy transportation systems. The group's cable subsidiaryis the largest producer of power transmission cables in the world. The company also produces batteries and has electrical engineering activities. Telecommunications accounted for 44% of 1996 revenues; telecommunication cables, 21%; energy and transportation, 18%; electrical systems, 13%; batteries, 3%, and other, 1%.