Michael Callahan

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

Wellington Management Co. LLP (WMC) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1928 and is a subsidiary of Wellington Investment Advisors Holdings LLP, ultimately held by Wellington Management Group LLP. WMC offers investment management services for a fee to separate account clients and mutual funds sponsored by unaffiliated parties, and to investment vehicles that the firm sponsors.

Massachusetts Financial Services Co., dba MFS Investment Management (MFS), is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1924 and is a subsidiary of Sun Life of Canada (US) Financial Services Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by Sun Life Financial, Inc. (TSX, NYSE: SLF) in Canada. The firm provides investment advisory and sub-advisory services to a range of institutional clients and pooled investment vehicles. MFS is a responsible investor and signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

FIAM LLC (do-business-as Fidelity Institutional Asset Management) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Smithfield, Rhode Island. The firm was founded in 2006 and formerly known as Pyramis Global Advisors LLC. They are wholly-owned by FIAM Holdings LLC, which in turn is owned by FMR LLC, aka Fidelity Investments. FIAM provides discretionary investment management services to institutional accounts. The firm also sub-advices funds or accounts for affiliated advisers and unaffiliated advisers.

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (Credit Suisse Securities USA) is the broker/dealer division of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, an investment banking company headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse (USA), Inc., ultimately owned by Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN) in Switzerland. Credit Suisse Securities USA offers a suite of equities, solutions and credit products and services which includes global securities sales, trading and execution, prime brokerage and comprehensive investment research. Their clients include financial institutions, corporations, governments, institutional investors, such as pension funds and hedge funds, and private individuals around the world.

Part of AllianceBernstein Holding LP, Bernstein Global Wealth Management provides financial advice to ultra high net worth investors. The American company's top tier investment research underpins the investment strategies they offer to their clients. With innovative research, modeling and investment solutions, Bernstein Global Wealth Management helps clients achieve what others think is impossible.

Accenture LLC operates as a global management consulting, technology services and outsourcing company. The company is headquartered in Reston, VA.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

Putnam Investments LLC operates as an investment advisory company. The company was founded on May 14, 2009 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. (Amundi US) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1928 and formerly known as Pioneer Investment Management, Inc. and Amundi Pioneer Asset Management, Inc. In 2021, they merged with and into Amundi Pioneer Institutional Asset Management, Inc. and subsequently changed their name to Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of Amundi US, Inc., ultimately held by Rue La Boëtie SAS’ Credit Agricole SA (EPA: ACA) in France. Amundi US provides investment management services to pooled investment vehicles and separately managed accounts.

Goodnow Investment Group LLC is an independent, SEC- registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Darien, Connecticut. The firm was originally founded as Goodnow, Gray & Co. by Edward B. Goodnow in 1969. Goodnow provides investment advisory services on a discretionary basis to private investment funds that are offered to investors on a private placement basis and institutions with separately managed accounts.

Clough Capital Partners LP (Clough Capital) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded by Charles (Chuck) I. Clough, Jr. in 2000. Clough Capital provides advisory services through various investment vehicles including institutional separate accounts, pooled funds and mutual funds (both open and closed end).

HLM Management Co. LLC (HLM Venture Partners) is a venture capital firm founded in 1983 by James J.Mahoney, Judy Lawrie and Haberkorn A.R. The firm is headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts.

Essex Investment Management Co. LLC (Essex) is an independent registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded by Michael Hazard and Joseph McNay in 1976. Essex provides investment management services on a discretionary basis to institutional clients, such as employee benefits plans, endowment funds, foundations, religious organizations, and mutual funds. The firm also provides investment management services to individuals (private clients), limited partnerships and limited liability companies.

Avondale Partners LLC is an independent broker/dealer headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee with additional offices across the US. The firm was founded by Robert Shepherd and Philip Krebs in 2001. Avondale Partners provides financial advisory services as well as equity and fixed income underwriting and private placement services to public and private companies throughout the US, Canada and Europe. They focus on middle-market companies in the healthcare sector.

Granahan Investment Management LLC (GIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1985 by Jack Granahan, Gary Hatton and Jane White. They are principally owned by GIM Holdings, Inc. GIM provides asset management products and services to registered investment companies, corporations, private and public pension plans, trusts, endowments, and foundations, pooled investment funds, and high net-worth individuals.