Arno Penzias

National Academy of Sciences operates as a private, nongovernmental institution that advises on issues related to science and technology. It provides independent, objective analysis and advice and conducts other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The firm also encourages education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science. The company was founded on March 3, 1863 and is headquartered in Washington, DC.

Part of The National Academies of Science, the National Academy of Engineering operates as a professional membership organization. The private company is based in Washington.

Bell Laboratories provides research and development services. It provides communications technologies including transistors, digital networking, signal processing, lasers and fiber-optic communications systems, communication satellites, cellular telephony, electronic switching of calls, touch-tone dialing and modems. The company was founded in 1925 and is headquartered in Murray Hill, NJ.

HelioVolt Corp. designs and manufactures thin film solar photovoltaic modules. Its products are used on commercial rooftops, utility ground mounts, residential, building-integrated photovoltaics and custom installations. The company was founded by Billy J. Stanbery in 2001 and is headquartered in Austin, TX.

New Enterprise Associates LLC (New Enterprise Associates) is a venture capital firm founded in 1977. The firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California.

Glacier Bay, Inc. was manufactures marine refrigeration systems. The company was founded in 1990 and headquartered in Union City, CA.

Konarka Technologies, Inc. developed nano-enabled polymer photovoltaic materials. The company was founded in 2001 and was headquartered in Lowell, MA.